Tarihin halar haraji a duniya

Haraji shine babban garanti na kasancewar jihar, bi da bi, da tarihin haraji kai tsaye ga tarihin kasancewar jihohin jihohi. Gaskiya ne, wajibi ne don rarrabe irin wannan abin al'ajabci kamar na haraji - na farko biyu sun bayyana ko da sau da yawa suna nufin sinadarai a cikin - abinci, kaya, har ma da mutane. Tribut an sanya shi a kan wasu mutane, ƙauyuka ko kabilu. Wadanda mutanen da suka kayar suka ba da kyautar ga Vassals bayan shan kashi a cikin yakin, a zahiri, cinikin bayi na Afirka sun sayar da kashin abokan gaba zuwa bauta wa Turawa ga bayi.

Tsarin harajin ya fara ci gaba ne kawai tare da zuwan kuɗi. A yadda ya dace na duniya ya sauƙaƙa kawo ɓarna - an tattara kuɗi, kuma zaku iya zubar da shi kamar yadda ake buƙata. An tattara harajin farko da farko don tabbatar da kula da jihar da tsarin soja. Seveteregnes na wadancan lokutan ba su da gaske game da sassaucin tsarin tsarin ba da haraji, kuma saboda wannan, tarho sau da yawa barke.

Amma har yanzu, al'umma ta ci gaba da biyan haraji da haraji ga jihar a zaman kai tsaye. A wasu halaye, saboda rashin fata na lamarin. A cikin wasu halaye, mazauna masu godiya sun biya mai mulki don kiyaye su lafiya.

Asalin Haraji

Kafin fitowar kungiyoyin farko na jihohi, an biya haraji ne kawai ta hanyar matattarar al'umma - masu fasahar, 'yan kasuwa, da masu barkatai. Harajinsu ne aka kashe bisa samar da tsarin jihar, kuma ya cika sojojin.

%% Haraji na farko% sunad da haraji ne kan dabi'u na asali: ƙasa, dabbobi. Wata asalin kudaden haraji, harajin a kan matattararsa, ya fi sanin matsayin masana'antar jihohi (sojojin) da kudin shiga (harajin lokaci) da akai-akai haraji ko haraji).

Wani lokaci ana kiransa haraji na farko. Duk waɗannan harajin suna kai tsaye, wato, an kulle su kai tsaye ga mutanen da suka karɓi kuɗi, aiwatar da ma'amala da kayan mallaka. An ba da waɗannan harajin bi da bi ta hanyar mutane masu zaman kansu da ruhaniya da kansu.

Mazaunan Girka na tsohuwar Girka bai biya haraji ba kwata-kwata, suna iyakance kansu ga gudummawar da son rai, duk da haka, a lokacin yakin, an gabatar da Lawies na yakin. Tsarin Roman ya yi aiki a irin wannan ne - an sanya haraji ne kawai a cikin yaƙi, duk da haka, an ba da adadin yaƙin Roman, wanda zai iya tunanin sau nawa wannan ya faru. Mazaunan da ke zaune a kansu sun mamaye kowane irin haraji ba tare da sun gaza don sake nuna alamar matsayinsu ba.

Tsarin Haraji na zamani yana da gādo da na Roman ɗaya. Don haka, ya kasance a zamanin d uwan ​​tsohuwar Roma wanda irin wannan lamuran ya fito ne, yana canzawa dangane da kudin shiga mai biyan haraji; Harajin kai tsaye da aka haɗa a cikin farashin kaya, gami da wulakanci haraji, da irin wannan lamuran, waɗanda suka dace da sabbin halaye a cikin ƙarni da suka gabata. Yanzu bari mu dauki kusa.

Tsohon shekarun haraji

Mastering Finance Finance: cikakken jagora

Karfafa makomar ku na kudade: An kama shi da kwafin '' Jagora na dijital na kudi na dijital kuma suna kewayawa hadaddun hanyoyin tattalin arziki na zamani tare da amincewa!

Sami Labaran ku

A tsohuwar Misira, babban kudin shiga shine biyan kuɗin amfani da ƙasar mallakar shugaban kasa. A zamanin da Girka, Harajin Inshira shine babba, amma 'yan ƙasa kyauta na biranen ba su biya shi ba. Maimakon haka, 'yan ƙasa sun bayar da gudummawa na son rai, kuma kawai a cikin gaggawa (yaki) ya zama kashi ɗaya daga cikin kuɗin shiga da aka tattara.

Babu wasu haraji a cikin tsohuwar Rome. Muddin Rome ya kasance birni-birni, kashe kudi na jama'a sun rufe filayen filayen jama'a. HUKUNCIN HUKUNCIN HUKUNCINSA. Majami'ar Majami'ar da aka zaba, wacce aka zaba, ba wai kawai yi kawai ayyukansu ba ne, amma kuma sun ba da gudummawar kansu ga bukatun jama'a kan son kai, suna ganin hakan yana da daraja. A cikin cututtukan gaggawa (yaki), an basu harajin Rome a dukiyoyinsu; A saboda wannan, kowane shekaru biyar sun gabatar don zaben jami'an-jami'ai wata sanarwa game da dukiyoyinsu da matsayin al'ummominsu, a kan wanda adadin harajin (cancantar) aka ƙaddara.

A cikin Masarautar Roman, babban tushen samun kudin shiga shine harajin ƙasa, a adadin kashi 10% na kudin shiga daga makircin. Sauran nau'ikan harajin da aka yi amfani da su, kamar haraji akan yawan 'ya'yan itace bishiyoyi, gami da vines. Dukiya da kuma hanyoyin samar da haraji: dukiya, dabbobi, masu mahimmanci. Kowane mazaunin lardin dole ya biya haraji guda ɗaya don duka. Akwai kuma harajin kai tsaye (sun wuce zuwa masu sayen kaya): harajin juyawa na 1%, haraji na musamman akan ciniki - 5%, haraji akan sakin bayi - 5% na darajar su. A cikin 6 Ad Evepor August ya gabatar da harajin gado a cikin kudi na 5%. 'Yan ƙasa ne kawai na Rome sun kasance ƙarƙashin harajin gado. An yi niyya da harajin. An yi amfani da kudaden don samar da antions ga sojoji masu sana'a.

A qarshe

% Haraji shine abin da ya hada da levies na tilas bisa ga daidaikun mutane ne ko kuma wasu fuskoki da gwamnatoci a kusan kowace ƙasa ta duniya. Ana amfani da haraji da farko don tashe kudaden shiga don kashe kuɗi, kodayake zai iya bauta wa wasu dalilai kuma.

Tarihin kwanakin Haraji na zamanin da, kafin zuwan kuɗi. Kuma ya ci gaba cikin sauri a cikin layi daya tare da ci gaban tsarin jihar. Wannan muhimmin abu ne na wanzuwar jihar. Tsarin harajin ya ci gaba har wa yau.